Isotope
Atomic number of the element is the number of unit positive charges on the nucleus of an atom of the element. As the positive charge on the nucleus is due to the presence of protons and each proton containsone unit of positive charge, so atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of its atom. We also know that an atom number of protons are also equal to the number of electrons. Atomic number is also equal to the number of electrons in an atom of the element. I like to share this Werner Heisenberg Atomic Theory with you all through my article.
Thus the atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons or number of electrons present in the extra nuclear part of nucleus while the mass number is equal to the number of protons and number of neutrons in the nucleus.
The number of protons in the nuclei of a particular element are same in their nuclei but the neutrons may be different in number. So they have same atomic number but different mass number. These are known as isotopes of the elements. Thus the isotopes of an element are the atoms of the elements with the same atomic number but different mass number. Foe example, the example of common isotopes is hydrogen which has three isotopes that are protium (H), deutrium (D) and tritrium (T). All the three isotopes have atomic number one. But their mass is one, two, and three respectively. All the isotopes are indicated by mass number value which is denoted by symbol A. like the three isotopes of hydrogen are denoted as 1H1, 1H2, and 1H3. Similar carbon has three isotopes which are 12C6, 13C6, and 14C6. Some examples of Isotopes like isotopes of Zn, Ge, Ga, and Ni etc are shown in below mentioned table (black highlighted); the Table of Isotopes help in knowing the details of the isotopic forms. I have recently faced lot of problem while learning Atomic Mass Formula, But thank to online resources of math which helped me to learn myself easily on net.
The main copper Isotopes are 63Cu and 65Cu other are 67Cu and 54Cu etc. 67Cu is the most stable isotope of copper with half life 61.83 hours while the least stable isotope of cooper is 54Cu with a half-life 75 ns. All the copper isotopes which are unstable in nature have atomic mass approx below 63 and they easily undergo beta particle decomposition.
The other example is isotopes of uranium. Uranium Isotopes are uranium-238, uranium-239, uranium-232, uranium-234, uranium-234and uranium-235. All are radioactive in nature. They are not found in nature. The highest natural occurrence isotope of uranium is uranium-238. They are mostly used in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons. The main isotope uranium 235 is used in nuclear reactor and weapons as they easily undergo the nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reaction.
Thus the atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons or number of electrons present in the extra nuclear part of nucleus while the mass number is equal to the number of protons and number of neutrons in the nucleus.
The number of protons in the nuclei of a particular element are same in their nuclei but the neutrons may be different in number. So they have same atomic number but different mass number. These are known as isotopes of the elements. Thus the isotopes of an element are the atoms of the elements with the same atomic number but different mass number. Foe example, the example of common isotopes is hydrogen which has three isotopes that are protium (H), deutrium (D) and tritrium (T). All the three isotopes have atomic number one. But their mass is one, two, and three respectively. All the isotopes are indicated by mass number value which is denoted by symbol A. like the three isotopes of hydrogen are denoted as 1H1, 1H2, and 1H3. Similar carbon has three isotopes which are 12C6, 13C6, and 14C6. Some examples of Isotopes like isotopes of Zn, Ge, Ga, and Ni etc are shown in below mentioned table (black highlighted); the Table of Isotopes help in knowing the details of the isotopic forms. I have recently faced lot of problem while learning Atomic Mass Formula, But thank to online resources of math which helped me to learn myself easily on net.
The main copper Isotopes are 63Cu and 65Cu other are 67Cu and 54Cu etc. 67Cu is the most stable isotope of copper with half life 61.83 hours while the least stable isotope of cooper is 54Cu with a half-life 75 ns. All the copper isotopes which are unstable in nature have atomic mass approx below 63 and they easily undergo beta particle decomposition.
The other example is isotopes of uranium. Uranium Isotopes are uranium-238, uranium-239, uranium-232, uranium-234, uranium-234and uranium-235. All are radioactive in nature. They are not found in nature. The highest natural occurrence isotope of uranium is uranium-238. They are mostly used in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons. The main isotope uranium 235 is used in nuclear reactor and weapons as they easily undergo the nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reaction.