Coordination compound
Introduction:
Coordination compaunds or metal complexes play a vital role not only in chemical industry but also in biological systems. Chlorophyll, a green pigment responsible for photosynthesis is coordintion compaund of magnesium. Haemoglobin, the red pigment present in blood, acts as oxygen carrier is a complex compound of iron.
Coordintion compaunds or, as they are generally called, complexes are playing, important roles in analytical chemistry, organic synthesis, polymerisation reactions, metallurgy, refining or metals, electroplating and photography.
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Coordination Compound:
Coordination or complex compounds are addition compounds which have the following properties:
a. These compounds retain their identities in the solid as well as when dissolved in water or any other ionic solvent.
b. Their properties are completely different from those of their individual constituents.
c. For example when aqueous NH3 is added to a green solution of NiCl2 and he solution thus obtained is evaporated, purple crystals of a new compound having the composition, [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 are obtained.
This new compound, when dissolved in water, ionises as:
[Ni (NH3)6]Cl2 [Ni (NH3)6]2+ +Cl- ,
This shows that the solution of the complex compound has neither Ni2+ ions nor NH3molecules.The properties of the above formed complex, is thus entirely different from that of Ni2+ ions and NH3 molecule.
Coordination Compounds:
A coordintion compaund is one which contains a central metal atom or ion surrounded by a number of oppositely charged ions or neutral molecules.
Thus, in the coordintion compaund there is coordintion compaund there is coordinate bonding between the central metal atom or ion and oppositely charged ions or neutral molecule.
Thus, a complex molecule has a central metal atom, and is linked to negatively or positively or neutrally charge ions.
Is this topic writing formulas for ionic compounds hard for you? Watch out for my coming posts.
Naming Coordination Compounds:
Coordination compounds are named according to the rules suggested by International Union of pure and applied chemistry. I.U.P.A.C (1976).
For naming the complex compounds, the ligands are named first and the central metal atom is named in the end.
Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds:
The rules for naming complex compounds are as follows:
a. The positive part of the coordintion compaund, the cation, is always named first, followed by the anion or the negative part.
b. Ligands are named first, followed by the central metal atom. The prefixes, di, tri, tetra, etc. are used to indicate the number of each kind of ligand present.
c. The ligands are named in alphabetical order. Names of the anionic ligands en in ‘o’, those of cationic end in ‘ium’. Neutral ligands have their regular names with exceptions like water, named as ‘aqua’, ammonia, named as ‘ammine’, NO – named as ‘Nitrosyl ’and CO- and ‘carbonyl’.
d. The oxidation state of the central metal is indicated in Roman numerals in parenthesis.
e. When a complex species has negative charges, the name of the central metal ends in ‘ate’. For some elements, the ion name is based on the Latin name of the metal.(For example- argentite for Silver.)
Coordination compaunds or metal complexes play a vital role not only in chemical industry but also in biological systems. Chlorophyll, a green pigment responsible for photosynthesis is coordintion compaund of magnesium. Haemoglobin, the red pigment present in blood, acts as oxygen carrier is a complex compound of iron.
Coordintion compaunds or, as they are generally called, complexes are playing, important roles in analytical chemistry, organic synthesis, polymerisation reactions, metallurgy, refining or metals, electroplating and photography.
Please express your views of this topic What is an Organic Compound by commenting on blog.
Coordination Compound:
Coordination or complex compounds are addition compounds which have the following properties:
a. These compounds retain their identities in the solid as well as when dissolved in water or any other ionic solvent.
b. Their properties are completely different from those of their individual constituents.
c. For example when aqueous NH3 is added to a green solution of NiCl2 and he solution thus obtained is evaporated, purple crystals of a new compound having the composition, [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 are obtained.
This new compound, when dissolved in water, ionises as:
[Ni (NH3)6]Cl2 [Ni (NH3)6]2+ +Cl- ,
This shows that the solution of the complex compound has neither Ni2+ ions nor NH3molecules.The properties of the above formed complex, is thus entirely different from that of Ni2+ ions and NH3 molecule.
Coordination Compounds:
A coordintion compaund is one which contains a central metal atom or ion surrounded by a number of oppositely charged ions or neutral molecules.
Thus, in the coordintion compaund there is coordintion compaund there is coordinate bonding between the central metal atom or ion and oppositely charged ions or neutral molecule.
Thus, a complex molecule has a central metal atom, and is linked to negatively or positively or neutrally charge ions.
Is this topic writing formulas for ionic compounds hard for you? Watch out for my coming posts.
Naming Coordination Compounds:
Coordination compounds are named according to the rules suggested by International Union of pure and applied chemistry. I.U.P.A.C (1976).
For naming the complex compounds, the ligands are named first and the central metal atom is named in the end.
Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds:
The rules for naming complex compounds are as follows:
a. The positive part of the coordintion compaund, the cation, is always named first, followed by the anion or the negative part.
b. Ligands are named first, followed by the central metal atom. The prefixes, di, tri, tetra, etc. are used to indicate the number of each kind of ligand present.
c. The ligands are named in alphabetical order. Names of the anionic ligands en in ‘o’, those of cationic end in ‘ium’. Neutral ligands have their regular names with exceptions like water, named as ‘aqua’, ammonia, named as ‘ammine’, NO – named as ‘Nitrosyl ’and CO- and ‘carbonyl’.
d. The oxidation state of the central metal is indicated in Roman numerals in parenthesis.
e. When a complex species has negative charges, the name of the central metal ends in ‘ate’. For some elements, the ion name is based on the Latin name of the metal.(For example- argentite for Silver.)